Strategi Penanganan Penurunan Kualitas Lingkungan sebagai Dampak Pembangunan Rumah Subsidi: Studi Kasus Kota Pangkalpinang

Abstract

Subsidized housing development is one of the government’s efforts to improve access to affordable housing for low-income communities. However, housing development is not only concerned with the provision of housing units but also with maintaining environmental quality and infrastructure, facilities, and utilities after occupancy. Several subsidized housing areas in Pangkalpinang City have shown indications of declining environmental quality, including building deterioration, inadequate road conditions, limited access to drinking water, drainage problems, sanitation and solid waste management issues, and limited fire protection facilities. This study aims to identify the existing conditions of environmental quality deterioration in subsidized housing areas, analyze gaps between actual conditions and settlement environmental quality indicators, and formulate management strategies appropriate to the characteristics of the areas. The study employed a mixed-methods approach with an explanatory sequential design covering 12 subsidized housing locations in Pangkalpinang City. Quantitative data were collected through structured observations based on seven environmental quality aspects regulated under Ministerial Regulation of Public Works and Housing No. 14/PRT/M/2018 and analyzed descriptively and comparatively to identify the prevalence of gaps among the sampled locations. Qualitative data were obtained through interviews with residents and local government officials to explain field conditions, post-occupancy dynamics, and area management practices. The results show that environmental quality deterioration is not solely associated with physical housing conditions but also with inadequate provision and maintenance of infrastructure, facilities, and utilities. The most persistent problems are related to fire protection, drainage, drinking water, road quality, and building conditions. SWOT synthesis was then used to formulate management strategies focusing on strengthening development control and post-occupancy maintenance, improving basic infrastructure, enhancing safety and emergency access, and developing government- and community-based monitoring mechanisms. The findings demonstrate that addressing environmental quality deterioration in subsidized housing requires an integrated approach from the development stage through post-occupancy management to maintain settlement quality and prevent further development toward slum characteristics.